针对深层月壤采样过程钻具参数对钻具受力及月壤采样量的影响问题,开展了离散元仿真分析。建立考虑扭转、弯曲力矩及等效引力作用的新型三维离散元月壤模型,通过三轴仿真试验进行细观参数标定,得到内聚力0.90 k Pa、内摩擦角42.25°的满足真实月壤宏观力学指标的仿真模型。选取钻头立齿形状、头体形状,钻杆导程、牙宽,回转转速等重点钻具参数进行对比分析,仿真结果表明:圆柱立齿有利于月壤采样,而八角立齿有利于钻具受力,“漏斗”形头体相比于“圆锥”形头体受力较小;钻杆导程的增加会使得月壤采样量增大,但同时也会使得钻具受力增大,钻杆牙宽取3 mm时月壤采样量最大、钻具受力最小;回转转速过大,月壤采样量会急剧减小,回转转速过小,钻具受力会急剧增大。
针对我国高校航天专业人才培养过程中存在的问题,哈尔滨工业大学小卫星班面向大三本科生开设了仿真实践类专业课《航天器与自主智能系统创新设计》,创新性提出并形成了SpaceSim软件官网开放社区学习模式和自媒体自我创作型学习模式,采用案例式教学,从姿轨控与空间环境等基础知识到通导遥载荷特性等应用知识,利用国产航天器系统仿真软件SpaceSim编制了40个仿真案例并上传至软件官网开放社区,建立了师生之间、学生之间、同行之间的学术交流平台,促进和激发了学生们同团队教师在线研究和探讨仿真实验问题的兴趣,提高了授课质量。课程以学生提交的大作业为考核项目,提出“自主进阶式任务想定”教学模式并引入自媒体评价机制,学生通过自媒体展示和讲解自己的大作业,锻炼了学生的项目构建与表达能力,有效提升了学生完成作业的积极态度与认真程度,对提升授课效果起到了重要作用。最后,该课程的授课模式、课程内容以及仿真工具已被其他高校航天专业课以及空天智能应用挑战赛所借鉴和采用,验证了该课程创新设计理念的应用实践性与有效性。In view of the problems existing in the training process of space professionals in Chinese universities, the small satellite class of Harbin Institute of Technology opened a professional course of simulation practice “Innovative Design of Spacecraft and Autonomous Intelligent System” for junior undergraduates, and innovatively proposed and formed the SpaceSim open community learning model and the self-creative learning model of we-media, using case teaching. From the basic knowledge of attitude and orbit control and space environment to the application knowledge of communication, navigation and remote sensing load characteristics, 40 simulation cases were compiled by SpaceSim, a domestic spacecraft system simulation software, and uploaded to the open communit
