根据本地区设施种植特点,选择草菇黄瓜轮作及黄瓜单一种植模式,利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(denatured gradient gel electrophoresis,简称DGGE)分析轮作对后茬黄瓜根围细菌多样性的影响,并检测2种种植条件下黄瓜根围土壤主要土壤酶活性及土壤养分的变化情况。结果表明,瓜菇轮作能够提高后茬黄瓜根围细菌的多样性,通过测序比对发现假单胞属细菌为优势种群;与黄瓜单一种植相比,轮作条件下土壤酶活性及养分均明显提高,脲酶活性在3个采样时间点分别提高了21%、30%、23%,磷酸酶活性分别提高了22%、34%、55%,蔗糖酶活性分别提高了14%、8%、11%,过氧化氢酶活性分别提高了92%、141%、27%,速效磷含量分别提高了8%、4%、3%,速效钾含量分别提高了27%、10%、12%;水解性氮及有机质含量均呈上升趋势。
Based on soil monitoring data in nine sites of Jinhu, Xuyi and Hongze counties on the south bank of Hongze Lake from 1982 to 2013, changes in soil p H, total nitrogen（TN） content, available phosphorus content, organic matter（OM）content and cation exchange capacity（CEC） were analyzed. The results show that due to excessive application of chemical fertilizer in soil on the south bank of Hongze Lake, soil p H reduced by about 2 on average, while TN content and available phosphorus content in soil increased by more than one time and 2-5 times respectively. Soil acidification caused by agricultural production was very serious. In addition, low soil p H resulted in serious loss of soil cation, so that soil CEC in2013 accounted for less than 50% of that in 1982 and affected mineral nutrient metabolism of crops. Therefore, application of calcium, potassium and trace-element fertilizer should be paid more attention to during agricultural production in future.
