A novel Mo/C catalyst, which are reduced in H2 after sulfidizaing ammonium heptamolybdate with （NH4）2S aqueous solution, has a high activity and selectivity for ethanol vapor phase carbonylation to ethyl propionate without addition of any promoter in the feed. Ethanol carbonylation is carried out in a fixed bed reactor with a continuous flow system at atmospheric pressure. This catalyst has a higher initial activity and selectivity; the catalytic activity reaches steady state after carbonylation reaction for 30 min. Higher temperatures led to a sharp decrease of the carbonylation activity and to an increase of the selectivities of ethene and ether. The optimal reaction conditions are as follows: reaction temperature is 553 K; n（C2H5OH）/n（CO）=4/1; GHSV=4.0 L/（g cat·h）. Under these conditions, the conversion of ethanol is 80%, the selectivity of ethyl propionate is 80.6% and the space-time yield is 1.157×10 -2 mol/（g cat·h）. This result is surprisingly better than that of ethanol vapor phase carbonylation over Ni-Zn/C catalyst with addition of ethyl iodide promoter to the feed [n（C2H5OH）/n（C2H5I）=10/1], especially, this novel Mo/C catalyst has a significantly higher selectivity. No carbonylation product is found over Ni base catalyst without addition of the promoter. This research demonstrates that novel Mo/C catalyst may be promising for ethyl propionate production from the carbonylation of ethanol at atmospheric pressure, without requiring ethyl iodide as promoter. This novel catalyst is found to be a non-crystalline by X-ray diffraction. The Mo content in the catalyst is 10%.
对在不同营养条件下啤酒中段废水培养螺旋藻进行了研究。结果显示 :在每升中段废水中添加 3.0 g Na NO3、0 .5 g N2 HPO4、 12 g Na HCO3、在 p H9.0、光强 2 0 0 0 L ux、温度30℃条件下 ,通气培养 10天 ,螺旋藻生长量达 5 .5 6 0 3g/ l,培养得到的螺旋藻产品的总蛋白质含量达 41.8%。
