选择合适的插值预测模型对揭示干旱区绿洲地下水与表层土壤特征空间变化特征具有重要意义。根据克里雅绿洲实测地下水(埋深、电导率、水温)与表层土壤(含水率、电导率、土温)数据,系统评价不同空间插值方法(RBF、IDW、Ordinary Kriging)对不同特征预测精度的影响。结果表明:克里雅绿洲区域地下水埋深主要在3 m以下,电导率在5 m S·cm-1以下,温度在15℃以下;表层土壤含水量主要在0.5以下,电导率在2.5 m S·cm-1以下,温度在13℃以下。地下水埋深采用RBF插值的精度较高,电导率采用IDW的精度较高,水温采用RBF的精度较高;表层土壤含水率采用Kriging插值的精度较高,电导率采用RBF的精度较高,土温采用RBF的精度较高;除土壤含水率外,其余指标采用对数转化后插值精度较高。
研究绿洲区域土地利用与覆盖变化及人类活动对土地利用与覆盖变化的驱动作用,对全球变化科学具有重要意义。该文通过精确空间化的1975年和2015年人口数据与土地利用与覆盖(land use and land cover,LULC)数据,运用网格单元法、线性相关、空间自相关、空间回归模型等方法,兼从全局与局部定量分析克里雅绿洲40a的人口变化与LULC变化的时空动态关系,探讨人口空间变化对LULC变化的驱动作用。结果表明:1)40 a来,克里雅绿洲的扩张表现在:人口显著增加,坤长14.277 7万人并向县、乡、镇中心集聚,建设用地与耕地向南部扩张明显,林地增加但趋于破碎化,草地与水域锐减。2)人口的空间变化是克里雅LULC变化及绿洲扩张的直接驱动力,直接表现为建设用地与耕地向南扩张,间接表现为林地变化、草地变化、水域变化。人口的空间变化对绿洲扩张的内部驱动作用,与绿洲北部恶劣的自然环境、克里雅河自南向北的流向共同作用,导致绿洲向南部扩张。3)地理加权回归模型能够反映更多的异质特征。在总体相关结果下,局部区域可能出现方向相反或大小不等的相关结果。研究可为当地政策制定提供依据。
How common reed(Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud.) colonization correlates to soil heterogeneity and environmental determinants remains unclear in arid areas. We conducted a field investigation and soil sampling in 100 plots along Keriya River Basin to uncover the relationship between common reed and heterogeneous soils. Reed colonization variables and its soil properties were measured and recorded for the analysis of their relationship using Pearson correlation and redundancy analysis methods. The comparison results of common reed characteristics among 100 plots showed that common reeds performed strong tolerance and ecophysiological plasticity to edaphic stresses. Common reed colonization was tightly connected to soil heterogeneity according to the correlation analysis between its colonization characteristics and soil properties. Common reed colonization got feedbacks on soil properties as well, including the increase of soil organic matter and the alleviation of salt uplifting. The main limiting environmental determinant of common reed colonization was soil salt, followed by pH and soil water content.
