Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in rat model with focal cerebral ischemia through anti-apoptotic pathways and by promoting proliferation of neural stem cells. In the present study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of G-CSF in an acute focal cerebral ischemia rat model with lipid metabolism disorder. Eighty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal diet control group (NC group) and high-fat diet group (HFD group) (n = 40 in each). In HFD group, rats were fed on high fat diet to induce atherosclerosis. After 29 days, 4 rats from each group were sacrificed to evaluate the effects of different diets, and the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed in the rest of the rats. MCAO rats received either G-CSF (50 μg·kg–1·mL–1) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) injection through the external jugular vein for 5 days, which was followed by 5-bromo-deoxy uridine (BrdU, i.p., 50 mg/kg) injection for another 7 days. To evaluate the effects of G-CSF treatment on neurological function, the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was calculated. The vascular distribution, ischemic cells proliferation, cell apoptosis and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured to determine the effects of G-CSF treatment. Our results showed that G-CSF-treated rats had a lower mNSS than PBS-treated rats in both NC group and HFD group. G-CSF injection promoted endothelial cell proliferation and vascular regeneration, and inhibited cell apoptosis. The serum and tissue levels of VEGF were significantly increased after G-CSF treatment. It is concluded that G-CSF exerts its neuroprotective effect in focal cerebral ischemia rats with hyperlipidemia by enhancing angiogenesis, promoting cells proliferation, decreasing cell apoptosis, and increasing local VEGF expression.
目的检测首发非腔隙性脑梗死患者体内CD34^＋细胞水平的变化，探讨外周血CD34^＋细胞水平的预后价值。方法采用流式细胞仪测定119例非腔隙性脑梗死患者外周血CD34^＋细胞水平，根据检测值分为高于平均值组（A组）和低于平均值组（B组），比较两组人院时美国国立卫生研究卒中量表（National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale，NIHSS）评分和发病3个月时改良Rankin量表（modified Rallkin Scale，mRS）评分。结果人院时，A组CD34^＋细胞水平显著高于B组（0．048±0．001对0．032±0．002，P〈0．05），但NIHSS评分无显著差异（17．51±5．33分对17．64±5．19分）。入院1周后，A组CD34^＋细胞水平增加值显著高于B组（0．001±0．003对-0．005±0．0001，P〈0．05）。3个月时A组mRS评分显著优于B组（2．98±1．14分对3．25±1．39分，P〈0．05）。相关性研究显示，发病初期CD34^＋细胞含量与卒中后3个月时mRS评分呈负相关（r=-0．48，P〈0．05）。结论外周血CD34^＋细胞水平较高的急性脑梗死患者预后较好；CD34^＋细胞水平可作为判断脑梗死患者预后的指标。
