Sensitive detection of hydrogen sulfide(H2S) has been performed by means of wavelength modulation spectroscopy(WMS) near 1.578 μm. With the scan amplitude and the stability of the background baseline taken into account, the response time is 4 s for a 0.8 L multi-pass cell with a 56.7 m effective optical path length. Moreover, the linearity has been tested in the 0–50 ppmv range. The detection limit achievable by the Allan variance is 224 ppb within 24 s under room temperature and ambient pressure conditions. This tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS) system for H2 S detection has the feasibility of real-time online monitoring in many applications.