为了建立一种用Tenax萃取快速评价土壤中多溴联苯醚生物可利用性的方法,本研究以商业多溴联苯醚DE-71和DE-79中6种主要同系物(BDE-47,99,100,154,153,183)为研究对象,对不同染毒浓度的土壤用Tenax萃取6 h,并将Tenax萃取结果与土壤-蚯蚓(赤子爱胜蚓Eisenia foetida)生物富集试验结果进行了比较。结果表明,单位质量土壤中被Tenax萃取出的PBDEs的质量随土壤中PBDEs浓度的增大而增加,随各同系物lgKow值的增大而降低。6 h Tenax萃取的富集因子TSAF6与蚯蚓的生物富集因子BSAF之间具有良好的相关性,表明6 h Tenax萃取能够有效表征土壤中PBDEs的生物可利用性。
Bioaccumulation of penta-BDE(DE-71) in earthworms(Eisenia fetida) and the induced toxicities on the growth and reproduction of earthworms were investigated.All the major congeners in DE-71 could be bioaccumulated in earthworms and the concentration found in earthworms correlated to the spiked concentration in soil.DE-71 might inhibit the growth and reproduction of cocoons and juveniles of earthworms.The toxicities were dose dependent and increased with exposure time.Exposing earthworms to combination of DE-71 and Cd resulted in enhanced mortality and reduction of cocoons or juveniles in a synergistic mode.The presence of DE-71 may affect the relocation of Cd in earthworms.When the earthworms were exposed to Cd alone,Cd up-taken by earthworms was mainly partitioned in the cytosolic fraction.While DE-71 was present,Cd in the cytosolic fraction decreased significantly.It is perhaps that DE-71 inhibits the synthesis of matallothioneins,and then reduces the detoxification ability of earthworms.This is the first report about the toxicity of PBDEs to earthworms.The result would be useful for ecological risk assessment of PBDEs in terrestrial ecosystem.
ZHU ShuZhen,LIU Man,TIAN ShengYan & ZHU LingYan College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University
