In this paper, considering the Hirota and the Maxwell–Bloch (H-MB) equations which are governed by femtosecond pulse propagation through a two-level doped fiber system, we construct the Darboux transformation of this system through a linear eigenvalue problem. Using this Daurboux transformation, we generate multi-soliton, positon, and breather solutions (both bright and dark breathers) of the H-MB equations. Finally, we also construct the rogue wave solutions of the above system.