利用扫描电镜分析了东方蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister)前胸背板、腹部、翅膀和足部的体表形态,测定了东方蝼蛄体表刚毛的覆盖密度和尺寸。在OCA20型接触角测量仪上测量了水与东方蝼蛄体表各部位的接触角,分析了东方蝼蛄体表几何微结构与润湿性的关系。研究表明,东方蝼蛄前胸背板、覆翅、腹部、足、膜翅的刚毛覆盖密度分别为40.32%、31.82%、23.89%、19.11%、14.17%,水与东方蝼蛄体表各部位的接触角平均值为110.8°～141.5°,表现出很高的疏水性能。东方蝼蛄体表刚毛形成的几何结构表面与刚毛的高疏水性能的综合作用是其体表不沾土壤和水的重要机理。
This paper presents numerical investigations into a ridged surface whose design is inspired by the geometry of a Farrer’sscallop.The objective of the performed research is to assess if the proposed Bioinspired Ridged Surface (BRS) can potentiallyimprove wear resistance of soil-engaging components used in agricultural machinery and to validate numerical simulationsperformed using software based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM).The wear performance of the BRS is experimentallydetermined and also compared with a conventional flat surface.Different size of soil particles and relative velocities between theabrasive sand and the testing surfaces are used.Comparative results show that the numerical simulations are in agreement withthe experimental results and support the hypothesis that abrasive wear is greatly reduced by substituting a conventional flatsurface with the BRS.
为揭示东方蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister)前胸背板在挖掘过程中的作用,本文利用3D激光扫描仪测得东方蝼蛄前胸背板的外轮廓数据点,云在逆向工程软件中对东方蝼蛄前胸背板进行曲面重构。提取前胸背板截面曲线,利用Matlab软件对前胸背板的截面曲线进行拟合,得到曲线方程。对东方蝼蛄前胸背板表面轮廓线进行分析,发现东方蝼蛄前胸背板纵截面大部分部位的曲率变化比较小,各个纵截面曲率的变化基本一致;各个横截面的曲率变化也基本一致。认为东方蝼蛄前胸背板特有的几何外形对其开掘洞穴具有重要的作用,为工程机械中扩孔工作部件的研究提供理论依据。
