根据幂指函数g(u)=ua+bu的特点,借用"虚拟反应组分"和"变动级数"的概念,提出了管式反应器系统中反应转化率与工艺条件的关系式XM=1-exp[-exp(A+B/Tr+CTr)Prnpo+np1prτr multiply from i=1 to m yinyo+ny1yi]为了验证该转化率方程的普适性,考察了二乙苯催化脱氢、乙苯加氢和噻吩加氢脱硫等,并利用Matlab软件分别对这三个催化体系的实验数据进行拟合.结果表明,此方程在较宽的范围内均能很好地反映温度、反应压力、空速和物料比对转化率的影响.预测结果与实验数据之间的总平均相对偏差均小于2%,说明该方程并不是针对某一特定的催化反应或催化剂,可用于大多数的管式反应器催化反应系统中.
In this work, Zr-M(M=Cu, Mn, Ce) type sulfur transfer agent was prepared by impregnation method. Under the condition similar to that in the regenerator of FCC units, the influence of different active metal components and their contents on sulfur transfer agent were investigated. Moreover, the crystalline structure of sulfur transfer agent was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR). The result showed that the Zr-Mn sulfur transfer agent could effectively reduce the SO2 content in FCC regenerator flue gas, featuring high SO2 adsorption capacity. The sulfur transfer agent was inactivated in 40—60 min during the test. In the course of reduction reaction, after several reaction cycles, the formation of SO2 ceased and only H2 S was detected as the reduction product.
Attapulgite clay is a kind of special silicate mineral with high adsorption capacity thanks to its loose structure and porous surface. In this paper, the attapulgite clay was treated effectively with acid under microwave thermal activation and ultrasonic vibration, respectively, and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, FT-IR and SEM. The desulfurization performance of the modified attapulgite clay was then evaluated by using simulated gasoline as the feed. The test results showed that the thiophene removal rate increased with an increasing dosage of hydrochloric acid during microwave modification of attapulgite clay. When the concentration of hydrochloric acid reached 15%, the increase of desulfurization rate became slower, and the desulfurization rate was about 69%.
Paraffin/γ-Al2O3 composites as phase change energy storage materials were prepared by absorbing paraffin in porous network of γ-Al2O3.In the composite materials,paraffin was used as a phase change material(PCM)for thermal energy storage,and γ-Al2O3 acted as supporting materials.Characterizations were conducted to evaluate the energy storage performance of the composites,and differential scanning calorimeter results showed that the PCM-3 composite has melting latent heat of 112.9 kJ/kg with a melting temperature of 62.9 ℃.Due to strong capillary force and surface tension between paraffin and γ-Al2O3,the leakage of melted paraffin from the composites can be effectively prevented.Therefore,the paraffin/γ-Al2O3 composites have a good thermal stability and can be used repeatedly.
