To improve the forecasting reliability of travel time, the time-varying confidence interval of travel time on arterials is forecasted using an autoregressive integrated moving average and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity （ARIMA-GARCH） model. In which, the ARIMA model is used as the mean equation of the GARCH model to model the travel time levels and the GARCH model is used to model the conditional variances of travel time. The proposed method is validated and evaluated using actual traffic flow data collected from the traffic monitoring system of Kunshan city. The evaluation results show that, compared with the conventional ARIMA model, the proposed model cannot significantly improve the forecasting performance of travel time levels but has advantage in travel time volatility forecasting. The proposed model can well capture the travel time heteroskedasticity and forecast the time-varying confidence intervals of travel time which can better reflect the volatility of observed travel times than the fixed confidence interval provided by the ARIMA model.
针对传统的交叉验证均方差模型在确定交通流监测数据最优汇集时间间隔研究方面存在的不足,以交通流量、时间平均速度、占有率等3个交通流基本参数来表征城市道路交通流运行状态.在传统的交通状态交叉验证均方差估计方法的基础上,提出了一种改进的基于交通状态矢量的交叉验证均方差模型,以估计不同汇集时间间隔时交通流监测数据的波动性.然后,构建了基于交通状态矢量的均差值假设检验,并采用t检验方法寻找交叉验证均方差值变化的拐点,以确定交通流监测数据的最优汇集时间间隔.以昆山市城市道路车辆检测器实际采集的交通流数据为例,对不同等级城市道路交通流监测数据的最优汇集时间间隔进行了量化分析.结果表明,在实际应用中,城市道路交通流监测数据的最优汇集时间间隔可以选取为5 min.
