针对铝电解槽内熔体旋转流动的特点,提出使用涡量和旋转强度来对其涡结构进行定量解析,并以某300kA槽电解质流场为研究对象,使用CFX12软件平台进行数值模拟。结果表明:极间水平截面和阳极间缝垂直截面的旋转强度最大值分别为1.611和1.961 s 1,其绝对涡量最大值分别为4.002和3.391 s 1;阳极气泡的搅动使阳极周围电解质中成对出现反向对称小涡;而电磁力的不均匀性导致部分阳极底部出现不对称大涡;阳极中缝和间缝相交位置的绝对涡量超过4 s 1,在该位置布置下料点有利于氧化铝的分散。故运用涡分析法能得到更为丰富和精确的流场信息,为槽结构的设计提供理论指导。
To investigate the differences and the development trends of the 400 kA aluminum reduction cell, four representative cells were deeply analyzed. By using numerical simulation methods in ANSYS software, the structure parameters were firstly compared, and then three-dimensional models of electric-magnetic-flow field were built and solved with finite element method(FEM). The comparison of the structures reveals that the cell bodies are similar while the current flow path and distribution ratio of bus bars are different. It appears that most of the current(70%-80%) in side A are used as the magnetic field compensation current and flow through two ends. The numerical simulation results indicate that the distributions of magnetic fields are different but all satisfy with the magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) stabilization, and the flow patterns are all two or multi vortexes with appropriate velocities. The comparison shows that all studied cells can satisfy with the physical field requirement, and the commercial applications also verify that the 400 kA cells have become the product of the mature and world's leading technology.
