The Lower Palaeozoic system is a series of iron-bearing rocks consisting mainly of shallow sea-facies carbonates. On the basis of micrafacies analysis of the carbonate rocks,the Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary sea basin is divided into two broad sedimentary-structural regions,four sedimentary facies and nine subfacies. Original iron-rich carbonates were deposited in the restricted basins, such as salt-lake, lagoon, etc. Over the long period of geological history, the original iron formations were reconstructed by late tectonic processes to various extents. Geological observations and studies of the equilibrium mechanism of oxygen and sulfur isotope fraetionation and the composition and temperatures of fluid inclusions in the minerals indicate that thermal brines played an important role in the reworking process of the original iron-rich carbonate rocks, which thus led to the formation of sedimentary-reworked strata-bound ore deposits.
