Although ignition had been achieved at the National Ignition Facility(NIF),recent observations of the experiments indicate novel physics that beyond theoretical predictions emerge,e.g.,the neutron analysis of experiments has revealed deviations from the Maxwellian distributions in ion relative kinetic energies of burning plasmas,with the surprising emergence of supra-thermal deuterium and tritium(DT)ions that fall outside the predictions of macroscopic statistical hydrodynamic models.Via our newly developed hybrid-particle-in-cell code,incorporating the newly-proposed model of large-angle collisions,we infer that that this could be attributed to the increased significance of large-angle collisions among DT ions andα-particles in the burning plasma.Extensive and unprecedented kinetic investigations into the implications of large-angle collisions in the burning plasma have yielded several key findings,including an ignition moment promotion by~10 ps,the presence of supra-thermal ions below an energy threshold,and approximately twice the expected deposition ofα-particles densities.The rationality of our findings is confirmed through the congruency between the neutron spectral moment analyses conducted by the NIF and our kinetic simulations,both highlighting progressively widening disparities between neutron spectral moment analyses and hydrodynamics predictions,which becomes more pronounced as the yield increases.Our kinetic simulations with large-angle collisions not only provide novel insights for experiment interpretation but also open new research opportunities for the largely unexplored regime of the nuclear burning plasmas,which are distinguished by their exceptionally high energy densities and hold immense potential for illuminating the intricate physics that underpins the evolution of the early universe.
The combined reagents of sodium N-oleoylsarcosinate(SNOS)with metal ions(Ca(Ⅱ),Mg(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),and Pb(Ⅱ))was employed to facilitate the separation of lepidolite from feldspar.The synergistic interaction mechanism of this combined reagent was systematically investigated via contact angle measurements,AFM,FTIR,species distribution calculations,and DFT calculations.The results suggested that Ca(Ⅱ)exhibited the best selectivity for activating lepidolite flotation.SNOS was chemically adsorbed on the Ca(Ⅱ)-activated lepidolite surface with an adsorption energy of−1248.91 kJ/mol while a lower adsorption energy of−598.84 kJ/mol of SNOS on Ca(Ⅱ)-activated feldspar was calculated.Therefore,this combination of SNOS and Ca(Ⅱ)is a promising reagent scheme for the efficient recovery of lithium from aluminosilicate ore.
The nano-MOF-303 synthesized by microwave method exhibited efficient adsorption capacity(232 mg/g)toward Ag^(+),in which the adsorption behaviors were fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Freundlich isotherm model.The outstanding Ag^(+)sorption ability of nano-MOF-303 could be contributed to electrostatic interactions,weak coordination interaction of Ag-N,and Ag Cl precipitates originating from the stored Cl^(-)in nano-MOF-303.Besides the adsorbent regeneration,the formed Ag/Ag Cl onto nano-MOF-303 could produce Ag/Ag Cl/MOF-303 as a photocatalyst for sulfamethoxazole degradation under visible light.In this work,both the adsorption and photocatalysis mechanisms were clarified,which might provide insight to develop more effective adsorbents for mining the critical resource from the wastewater.
Ming-Yi SunLu ZhangYa LiChong-Chen WangPeng WangXueying RenXiao-Hong Yi
Positive electrodes play a decisive role in exploring the Zn^(2+)storage mechanism and improving the electrochemical performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).Feasible design and preparation of cathode materials have been crucial for AZIBs in recent years.Herein,taking the advantage of the tunnel structure of VO_(2),which can withstand volume change during charging/discharging,VO_(2)doped with Ce ions is synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method and oxygen vacancies are synchronously generated during synthesis.It delivers a capacity of 158.5 mAh g^(−1)at the current density of 5 A g^(−1)after 1000 cycles and exhibits an excellent energy density of 312.8 Wh kg^(−1)at the power density of 142 W kg^(−1).The structural modification and prospect of enhancing its conductivity by doping with rare-earth metals and introducing oxygen vacancies may aid in improving the stability of AZIBs in the future.
工业原料盐酸日用量大,为防止采购的工业盐酸混有氟离子超标的副产盐酸,而导致机械设备腐蚀和损坏的现象,需要增加原料盐酸的氟离子指标检测,新购HC-800 F pH全自动离子分析仪用于检测原料盐酸中的氟离子,并进行分析方法的建立。结果表明,在试验条件下,浓度与其相应响应值之间的线性相关系数为0.9997,标准偏差为0.16%,变异系数为0.19%,平均回收率为94.89%。该方法可以满足工业盐酸氟离子的测定,结果呈现性好。
