该研究采用远红外干燥、热风干燥和真空干燥对西兰花进行干燥处理,研究不同温度(60、65、70、75、80℃)对西兰花干燥特性和理化性质的影响。结果表明,与真空干燥相比,远红外干燥和热风干燥下将西兰花干燥至终点时所需时间更短、干燥速率更快;干燥西兰花是一个从介质吸收能量实现脱水的非自发过程,且温度越高,有效水分扩散系数越大,活化能越低,越易干燥;8种数学模型拟合结果表明,Wang and Singh经验模型是描述西兰花干燥的最佳数学模型;干燥条件对西兰花色泽有显著影响,真空干燥时色泽保护效果更好;65℃热风干燥复水比(8.82±0.11)、膨胀力[(10.33±0.34)mL/g]最高;80℃热风干燥西兰花复水比(6.98±0.2)、膨胀力[(7.77±0.12)mL/g]最低。该研究为西兰花的加工、贮藏提供了参考价值。
The effect of a storage system on drying time and estimation of drying parameters of cocoa beans using an indirect solar dryer with a sensible heat energy storage system (stones which act as both absorber and heat storage media) is the main subject of this article. This dryer, which uses stones as storage material and is made of wood and plywood, was used to dry a quantity of 5 kg of fermented cocoa beans. The drying parameters for the drying curves and the drying efficiency of cocoa beans were established and studied. The drying curves were modelled from semi-empirical models. The results showed that the moisture of cocoa beans decreased from 60% to 7% in wet basis. With a solar collector and drying efficiency of 40% and 34%, respectively. And this with a maximum average difference temperature between the drying air and the ambient temperature of 13.25˚C day or night. The best concordances are obtained with R2 values of 0.9983, 0.9843, 0.9813 and 0.9837 respectively from the models of Hii, Jena and Das, Demir et al. and Alibas.
N’Dri Emmanuel AbouanouThéophile Roch OriEkoun Paul Magloire KoffiProsper Gbaha
